ICM+ can be used to display and analyse data from patient monitors via both digital and analogue interfaces. Signals such as cerebral blood flow (Hemedex), brain tissue oxygenation and temperature (Licox), near infrared spectroscopy, end-tidal CO2 can be collected and displayed alongside arterial and intracranial pressures.
These cases highlight the influence of carbon dioxide on intracranial variables such as brain oxygenation, intracranial pressure, and pressure reactivity. Although hyperventilation is often used to control intracranial pressure, the decrease in carbon dioxide can also lead to a decrease in PBTO2. Combining PBTO2 data with arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure can give an indication of episodes of cerebral hyperaemia.